Discrete address time division multiplex data transmission system



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ATTORNEY United States Patent Oice Y 3,141,928 Patented July 21, 1964 New York Filed Nov. 28, 1955, Ser. No. 549,402

31 Claims. (Cl. 17E-50) This invention is an improved high-speed time division multiplex start-stop two-way radio telegraph system in which information may be transmitted selectively between a control center and a large number of outlying stations.

An object of the invention is the improvement of highspeed telegraph systems.

The manner in which the system of the invention functions will first be described generally as an aid in understanding the detailed description hereinafter.

The system incorporates arrangements whereby a single one of a large number of outlying stations may be selectively addressed from a control center and responsively the telegraph receiving apparatus in the selected station iS adjusted to receive information intended solely for the selected station while all of the unaddressed stations in the systems are prevented from effectively receiving the information intended expressly for the addressed station. Thereafter, the selected station automatically transmits to the control station. It is to be understood that, instead of a single station, a plurality of the outlying stations may be arranged to be addressed simultaneously if desired by assigning to each of the plurality the same code signal station calling combination.

The invention is the present embodiment is incorporated in a data transmission system in which, following selection of the addressed station, data from the control center individual to the addressed station is effectively received by the addressed station exclusively, and data from the addressed station is thereafter automatically transmitted to the control center. Such a system may be defined, in one of its aspects, as a discrete address system, this term signifying that any one of the outlying stations may be individually selected or discretely addressed.

When a particular outlying station is addressed or when a return signal train is transmitted to the controll center, each signal train, or frame, as it shall be called ereinafter, transmitted in a particular direction, consists.

of a fixed number of signal elements, each signal element of uniform duration so that all frames transmitted in a particular direction are of uniform duration. Transmission and reception are under control of oscillators and binary counters. There is one transmitting oscillator and one transmitting binary counter and one receiving oscillator and one receiving binary counter at the control center. T herev is a single oscillator and a single binary counter in each outlying station which jointly control the transmitting and receiving at the outlying stations.

In one application of the invention, the system is employed as a means of communicating from a control center, which may be an airport or a vessel, such as an airplane carrier, to any one of a large group of airplanes in flight. The telegraph system operates on a multiplexA or time division start-stop basis over a single radio channel in each direction. Each one of the airplanes in aV group may be addressed in any desired sequence. Each frame of signals generated at the control center intended for any particular outlying station or airplane in the group will include in the first portion of the frame a sequence of signal elements which are preparatory signal elements. These include a first group of phasing signal elements followed by a waiting interval equal in duration` to an integral number of signal elements and then a start signal element. The function of the phasing, waiting and Y start signal elements is to start an individual oscillator in all planes or outlying stations in proper phase at the center of the start signal element. This portion of each train, that is the phasing, waiting and start signal elements, is followed by an individual code combination of signals delining the address of the particular called plane or station. All of the airplanes or stations, after having their individual oscillators set in proper phase will also receive the address signal combination in each frame and will then test the received address signal combination to see whether or not the received address combination corresponds to the address combination assigned to its particular plane. The

plane which is identified by the correspondence of the re-.

ceived and assigned address combinations will thereupon condition its telegraph vapparatus to effectively receive the remaining portion of the signal frame. The telegraph apparatus in all other planes will be restored to normal. The remaining portion of the signal frame will be divided into a plurality of code groups or combinations of eleter as, since in the present embodiment there is but one control center, no address is required. The information in` the words transmitted from the plane to the control center, such as the altitude, speed and bearing of the plane, Will be first measured automatically by proper instruments. The measurements will then be automatically translated into code signal combinations defining them. Certain items defined by one or two signal elements of a word may be set up manually by the plane operator.

In general, after the address, the information contained in the code combinations of signals defining the words in each frame, which is transmitted in either direction between the control center and the station will depend upon the particular needs of the system in which the invention is applied. In an airport traffic control system, the individual items of information may relate, for instance, t0 weather reports, visibility, traffic density, crusing altitude allocation, etc. In another application, they may comprise code signal combinations to control the performance of functions such as the reading of meters and the automatic retransmission from the addressed station to the control center of code signal combinations or words defining the usage of utility services at remote stations, or the reading and retransmission of code signal combinations defining barometric pressure, temperature, wind velocity etc. at outlying weather observatories in a weather system.

Since, in the present embodiment, the invention isv considered to be incorporated in a system wherein a large number of friendly airplanes in flight are directed, from a ground control center or from an airplane carrier, on individual missions, for instance, to intercept enemy planes, the information in the words is designed to facilitate this objective. The enemy planes will ordinarily be flying on different courses at different altitudes and at different speeds from the friendly planes. The information received by the individual airplane is intended to enable the pilot of the addressed plane to adjust his direction, altitude and speed to effect the interception. The addressed plane in turn transmits information as to its own specific bearing, speed, altitude, etc. to the control center. 

2. IN A SYNCHRONIZED RADIO TELEGRAPH RECEIVING STATION, MEANS COMPRISING AN OSCILLATOR, SYNCHRONIZING MEANS FOR CONTROLLING SAID OSCILLATOR, AND A BINARY COUNTER, RESPONSIVE TO SAID OSCILLATOR, FOR RECEIVING A TELEGRAPH MULTI ELEMENT, TWO CONDITION, PERMUTATION SIGNAL CODE COMBINATION, AND DIODE GATE MEANS FOR COMPARING SAID RECEIVED COMBINATION WITH AN ADDRESS COMBINATION ASSIGNED TO SAID STATION. 